Hangtheodoliet, Instrumentenfabriek De Koningh, 1940
Een theodoliet is een hoekmeetinstrument. Het instrument is eigenlijk een kijker (een richttelescoop) die dient voor het nauwkeurig meten van horizontale en verticale hoeken. Een theodoliet werd in de mijnbouw gebruikt voor het meten van de richting en de helling van pijlers, galerijen en andere ondergrondse werken. Dankzij die metingen kon het ondergrondse gangenstelsel nauwkeurig in kaart worden gebracht. De metingen waren voorwaarde om de mijnwerkers op een efficiënte en veilige manier hun werk te laten doen. Wanneer er voldoende ruimte was, werd de theodoliet op een statief bevestigd en waterpas gezet. In lage en nauwe gangen, waarvan er in het ondergrondse bedrijf vele waren, was een dergelijke opstelling echter meestal niet mogelijk. De hangtheodoliet was dan een uitkomst. Door dit ontwerp was het mogelijk het meetinstrument te bevestigen aan een kap of stijl, waarmee de gang was ondersteund. Dankzij deze wijze van bevestiging nam plaatsing en gebruik van het instrument weinig ruimte in.
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